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Microscope: An Essential Tool for Jewelry Professionals

Created on 09.02

I. Gemstone Appraisal: Distinguish Natural vs. Synthetic by Microscopic Features​

1. Diamond Appraisal​

Natural Diamonds: Under a 10-40x stereomicroscope, natural inclusions (graphite, sulfides), unique growth lines (triangular lines, step-like lines), and original crystal surface traces are visible;

Synthetic Diamonds: CVD-grown diamonds contain needle-like/flaky graphite inclusions, while HPHT-grown diamonds may have metal inclusions. Dark-field illumination is required to highlight details;

Selection: 10-40x stereomicroscope (NA ≥ 0.15). For fluorescence identification, an ultraviolet accessory (365nm/254nm) can be added.

2. Colored Gemstone Appraisal​

Natural Gemstones: Rubies have rutile needle-like inclusions; emeralds contain three-phase inclusions;

Treated Gemstones: Oil-filled emeralds show oil streak reflections; dyed sapphires have dye accumulation in cracks. Bright-field + dark-field dual illumination is required;

Function Requirements: Support dual illumination switching; 360° rotatable stage for multi-angle observation of inclusions and textures.

II. Pearl Appraisal: Determine Authenticity & Grading by Structure and Surface​

1. Differences Between Natural and Cultured Pearls​

Natural Pearls: Under a 40-100x microscope, concentric layered structures with smooth interlayer transitions and natural surface blemishes are visible;

Cultured Pearls: Freshwater cultured pearls may have irregular gaps between layers; saltwater cultured pearls show bead nucleus traces, with possible nucleation indentations on the surface;

Technical Adaptation: Dual illumination system (transmitted light for internal observation, reflected light for surface observation). A digital camera with ≥5MP is optional for documentation.